Floor or sidewalk.



No. 682,462. Patented Sept. ll], IQUII. B. FLEMING.

FLOUR 0B SIDEWALK.

' (Applicaticn filed June 5, 1901.

(N0 Model.)

WITNESSES lNVENTOfi jzmz'rzy m: Noam Prrzns co. FHOTILLIINQ, WASHINGYON, n. c.

UNITED STATE PATENT @FFICE.

RICHARD FLEMING, OF OORNING, OHIO.

FLOOR OR SIDEWALK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 682,462, dated September 10, 1901.

Serial No. 63,239. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, RICHARD FLEMING, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Corning, in the county of Perry and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Floors or Sidewalks, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention relates to artificial stone and concrete; and one object is to provide certain new and useful improvements in floors, sidewalks, and the. like formed of sections or blocks of artificial stone not liable to crack or scale and arranged in such a manner that a Worn-out or broken section can be readily removed and replaced by a new one without disturbing the remaining sections.

Another object is that in the construction of the sections for the floor or sidewalk a workman will not be required to prepare a large amount of cement, but onlya sufficient quantity for a single block at a time and allow of readily smoothing the material down while it sets to give each section a smooth ground-like appearance.

The invention consists of novel features and parts and combinations of the same, as will be fully described hereinafter and then pointed out in the claim.

A practical embodiment of the invention is represented in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in both the views.

Figure l is a sectional perspective view of the improvement, showing the formation of a cellar-floor; and Fig. 2 is a like View of the same when finished.

The floor or sidewalk when finished consists, essentially, of sections or blocks A of artificial stone and longitudinal and transverse sheets B B of paper or other material extending between opposite sides of adjacent sections or blocks. Each of the sections or blocks consists of a bottom layer of crushed stone C, on which is poured a mixture 0 of cement and gravel, and on the top of this mixture is placed a mixture (3 of fine sand and cement, as is plainly indicated in the drawings.

In order to prepare the sidewalk or floor, I

employ longitudinal planks or boards D and similar crossboards E, preferably of a height corresponding to the depth of the floor or sidewalk to be built. In starting a longitudinal board D is placed a distance from the wall F of abuilding, one end of the board abutting against an adjacent wall F, as is plainly indicated in Fig. 1. A sheet 13 of single-ply building-paper or slaters roofing-paper is placed on theinside of this longitudinal board D and the cross-board E and placed between the wall F and the board D, corresponding sheets B of the paper being placed on the inner faces of alternate boards R, both sets of sheets B B extending, say, a distance of one inch above said boards D and E. By the arrangement described pockets are formed, of which the alternate pockets are first filled with crushed stone, then with gravel and cement, and finally with the cement and sand, the workman smoothing down the material while it sets, so as to prevent cracking or scaling of the finished sidewalk. When two pockets have been finished, the cross-boards E are removed; but the sheets of paper adjacent to the blocks already made remain in position, and now the successive pockets are filled with crushed stone, gravel and cement, and sand and cement, so that the paper remains between the opposite faces of adjacent blocks or sections. When making the next row of blocks, the above-described operation is repeated, the only difference being that the longitudinal board D is first removed from the sheet B of paper and set the desired distance from said paper for the second row of blocks or sections, and then the cross-boards E are again placed in position by the sheet B of paper, and a second sheet B of paper is placed on the inside of the boards D, as is plainly shown in Fig. 1. Sheets B of paper are again placed on the inside of the boards E, and the above-described operation is repeated, it being understood that each pocket is filled up to the top edges of the boards D and E, the sheets B B of paper extending above the faces of the sections, so that the cement material is not liable to pass upon a section already made, and after the blocks or sections have been formed the operator cuts the projecting top ends of the sheets of paper,

so as to leave the upper edges thereof flush with the top faces of the blocks or sections.

The longitudinal board D is held in a vertical position by suitable means, as indicated in Fig. 1, it being, however, expressly understood that the sheets B B of paper extend beyond the top edges of the boards, and said projecting ends are cut off after the blocks or sections have been made.

By the arrangement described the workman mixes only a small quantity of cement, sand, or gravel suflicient, say, for building one block at a time, and as the several blocks or sections are separated from each other by the sheets of paper it is evident that any one of the sections can be removed when worn out and replaced by another Without disturbing the remaining sections.

Having thus fully described my invention,

I claim as new and desire to secure by Let- 2o ters Patent- In the manufacture of sidewalks, fioors and the like, the combination with removable 1ongitudinal and transverse supporting-boards for forming pockets for the cement material, and sheets of paper forming linings for said boards and extending above the same, the sheets being adapted to remain in the sec tions or blocks of the sidewalk or floor after the supporting-boards are removed, as set go forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

RICHARD FLEMING.

Witnesses:

WM. WANAMAKER, G. A. FLEMING. 

